tracheophyta (phylogenetic tree)

>> PLANTAE

- phylogenetic tree of Tracheophyta (supradivisio): Vascular plants (higher plants) - Gefässpflanzen (Höhere Pflanzen) (Cormophyta, Siphonophyta)

-/- Lycopodiopsida: Bärlapppflanzen ["Pteridophyta"]

-/-A- Lycopodiales: Bärlappe

-/-B1- Isoetales: Brachsenkräuter

-/-B2- Selaginellales: Moosfarne

-/- Euphyllophyta

-/-A- Monilophyta: Farne ["Pteridophyta"]

-/-A1- Psilotopsida: Natternzungen + Gabelblattgewächse (Urfarne)

-/-A2a- Equisetopsida: Schachtelhalme

-/-A2b- Marattiopsida

-/-A2c- Polypodiopsida: Echte Farne

-/-B- Spermatophyta: Vascular plants - Samenpflanzen ["Non-Pteridophyta"]

loci

CAPUT

Loci: Habitats of Materia organica

- Bohemian massif

-.- Rivers, Streams
| 2010-10-09/f (2) 48°42' N 15°50' O (Oberes Pulkautal bei Pulkau, 295 m, NÖ HL 3741 Pulkau)
| 2010-10-23/b (b2) (f1) (f2) (f3) 48°33' N 13°48' O Oybbo (660/680 m, OÖ RO 4141 Pfarrkirchen/M)
| 2010-10-30/b 48°44' N 15°38' O Pulkau river (Oberes Pulkautal bei Raisdorf, 497 m, NÖ HO 3753 Pernegg)

- Pannonian climate

-.- Lowlands
-.-/-Wiener Becken
| 2010.05.06/f 48°04' N 16°32' E: extensively cultivated lands

-/- Lobau: Heisslände (heath-like dry lands)
| 2009.10.11/f 48°08' N 16°34' E: typical Heisslände, with invasive Ailanthus altissimus (centre)
| 2009.07.05/b 48°09' N 16°33' E: this year's flooding (a "once-a-decade"-one-flooding it was; the last one before occured in 2002 and was a "once-a-century"-one); the "dirt line" clearly indicates highest water levels during flooding; especially in Lower Lobau many Heisslände heaths were flooded - like here in the upper regions of Lower Lobau -, while most Heisslände in Upper Lobau were spared
| 2010.04.19/f 48°09' N 16°32' E: typical Lobau Heisslände, in the background untypical forest with Pinus nigra (planted, not native in this habitat)
| 2010.06.11/f 48°09' N 16°32' O Floodline (place was flooded only for a couple of days or so)

-/- Bayous and bayou forests (reed and bulmush habitats and forests)
| 2009.10.16/b 48°10' N 16°28' E (Kalter Grund/Donauinsel)
| 2010.03.27/f 48°10' N 16°33' E: Lobau "Harte Au" (relatively dry, only rarely flooded)
| Hausgraben: 2007.10.27/f - 2010.08.25/f (2) (3) (4) - all: 48°10' N 16°31' E (Lobau 153 m AMSL, Vienna)

-/- Bogs of all kinds
| 2010.06.05/b 48°30' N 14°52' O (Tanner Moor - Ostende des Moorwanderwegs/Zugang für Rettung ca. 925 m; OÖ FR 4252 Liebenau)
| 2010.07.11/f (2) (3) 48°51' N 15°08' O: raised bog, progressing into a reed zone (im Schilfgürtel des Winkelauer Teichs, am Rand eines Hochmoors, 599 m; NÖ GD 3860 Heidenreichstein)
| 2010.07.11/f (2) (3) 48°47 N 15°06' O: abandoned peat-ditch which is slowly re-growing typical bog vegetation (seit den 1980er-Jahren aufgelassener Torfstich, der sich allmählich wieder zu einem Hochmoor entwickelt, 539 m, NÖ GD 3943 Schrems)

-/- Brownlands (uncultivated lands)
| 2009.11.30/b 48°07' N 16°32' E: near Vienna International Airport (between motorway and sewages)

- Eastern Alpine climate
-.- Limestone Alps
-.-/- Limestone cliffs (Ostalpenrand)
| 2009.10.04/f 47°49' N 16°52' E

- Habitats already identified by its scientific name

-.- Wetlands
| Alismetum plantagini-aquaticae (Alisma plantago-aquatica reeds)
| Lemnetalia minoris (Lemna minor)

fungi

>> ARBOR VITAE

- Eumycota (regnum): Fungi - Pilze

Taxonomy: see Index fungorum which is an international project on fungi nomenclature; it indicates the status of names (correct names, wrong and disputed names, synonyms, nomenclatoric author); the tree of life used for fungi here mainly relies on Wiki, but I'll try to include Index fungorum nomenclature (as nomenclature is changing constantly it is almost impossible to keep it all up to date)

-.- several disputed groups and species incertae sedis

-.-/- Dikarya (subregnum): Higher fungi - Höhere Pilze

-.-/-/- Ascomycota (phylum): Sac fungi - Schlauchpilze

-.-/-/-.- Taphrinomycotina [Archaeoascomycetes] (subphylum): Not growing sporocarps, both parasitic (mostly on plants) and saprobiontic species - Keinen Fruchtkörper bildend, Parasiten (schmarotzend) und Saprobionten (von totem organischem Material lebend)

-.-/-/-.- Saccharomycotina [Hemiascomycetes] (subphylum): Yeasts: not growing sporocarps - Echte Hefen: bilden keine Fruchtkörper

-.-/-/-.- Pezizomycotina [Euascomycetes] (subphylum): Sac fungi proper (with sporocarps) - Echte Schlauchpilze (bilden Fruchtkörper)

-.-/-/-.-/- 3 orders incertae sedis: Lahmiales, Medeolariales, Triblidiales

-.-/-/-.-/- Arthoniomycetes (classis): Mostly lichenised - Flechtenbildner

-.-/-/-.-/- Dothideomycetes (classis): Some parasites, some lichenised, and some "proper" fungi - Einige Parasiten und Flechtenbildner, aber auch "Grosspilze"

-.-/-/-.-/- Eurotiomycetes (classis): Penicillium and other moulds - Penicillin und andere Schimmelpilze

-.-/-/-.-/- Laboulbeniomycetes (classis): Mostly insect parasites - Hauptsächlich Insektenparasiten

-.-/-/-.-/- Lecanoromycetes (classis): Mostly lichenised (most important lichen fungi group) - Flechtenbildner (wichtigste Flechtenbildner-Gruppe)

-.-/-/-.-/- Leotiomycetes (classis): Very heterogenous group, parasites as well as saprobiontes and mykhorriza fungi (also "proper" fungi) - Sehr heterogene Gruppe: Parasiten, Saprobionten, Mykorrhizapilze (auch "Grosspilze")

-.-/-/-.-/- Lichinomycetes (classis): Lichenised - Flechtenbildner

-.-/-/-.-/- Orbiliomycetes (classis): Parasites, saprobionts, "carnivores" (on Rotifera) - Parasiten, Saprobionten, "Raubtiere" (fangen Rädertierchen)

-.-/-/-.-/- Pezizomycetes (classis): Sac fungi "proper" - "Eigentliche" Schlauchpilze (Grosspilze)

-.-/-/-.-/- Sordariomycetes (classis): Parasites, saprobionts, pathogenes, endophytes (also "fungi proper") - Parasiten, Saprobionten, Pathogene (krankheitsauslösend), Endophyten (nicht notwendig krankheitsauslösend, aber in Fremdorganismen lebend)

-.-/-/- Basidiomycota (phylum): Basidienpilze

-.-/-/-.- 2 classis incertae sedis: Wallemiomycetes, Entorrhizomycetes

-.-/-/-.- Pucciniomycotina (subphylum): Mostly plant parasites - Rostpilze und Verwandte (überwiegend Pflanzenparasiten)

-.-/-/-.- Ustilaginomycotina (subphylum): Parasites - Brandpilze (Parasiten, überwiegend an Pflanzen)

-.-/-/-.-/- Ustilaginomycetes (classis): Parasites - Brandpilze

-.-/-/-.-/- Exobasidiomycetes (classis): Parasites - Brandpilze

-.-/-/-.- Teliomycotina (classis): Parasites - Rostpilze

-.-/-/-.-/- Urediniomycetes (classis): Parasites - Rostpilze

-.-/-/-.- Agaricomycotina [Hymenomycetes] (subphylum): "Mushrooms proper" - Ständerpilze

-.-/-/-.-/- Tremellomycetes (classis): Gallertpilze

-.-/-/-.-/- Dacrymycetes (classis): Gallerttränenpilze

-.-/-/-.-/- Agaricomycetes [Homobasidiomycetes] (classis): "Mushrooms proper" - "eigentliche" Ständerpilze

animalia

>> ARBOR VITAE

- Metazoa (regnum): Animals - Tiere

[- Parazoa (divisio, dismissed): Gewebelose = Porifera + Placozoa]

-.- Porifera (phylum): Sponges - Schwämme

-.-/- Placozoa (phylum)

-.-/- Myxozoa (phylum?): Some parasitic animals, probably to be subsumed under Cnidaria

-.-/- Cnidaria (phylum): Jellyfish, sea anemones, corals, hydra, etc. - Nesseltiere

-.-/- Ctenophora (phylum): Comb-jellies - Rippenquallen

-.-/- Bilateria (subdivisio): Bilaterally symmetrical animals (most animals) - Zweiseitentiere

-.-/-.- Animalia incertae sedis (primitive Bilateria): Chaetognatha, Gastrotricha, Rotifera, Gnathostimulida, Micrognathozoa, Cycliophora, Mesozoa, Platyhelminthes

-.-/-.- Lophotrochozoa (superphylum): Squids, snails and many worms at Protostomia rank (mouth develops from blastopore) - Kopffüsser, Weichtiere, Würmer etc. (Urmünder: Mund entsteht aus Urmund)

-.-/-.- Ecdysozoa (superphylum): Insects and other animals (worms) at Protostomia rank - Häutungstiere: Insekten, Würmer u. a.

-.-/-.- Deuterostomia (superphylum): Blastopore (first opening) becomes anus (higher Bilateria) - Neumünder (Urmund wird zum After, Mund entsteht aus Urdarm)

plantae

>> ARBOR VITAE

Plantae: Plants - Pflanzen

- Phylogenetic model including some algae: while the Embryophyta model below just includes "plants proper" phylogenetically some algae are closer to plants, as shown here (according to German Wiki):

- Archaeplastida ["regnum" level]: Green and Red Algae and Plants

-/- Glaucophyta (phylum): primitive monocellular algae

-/- Rhodophyta (phylum): red algae

-/- Chloroplastida (phylum): green algae and plants

-/-.- Chlorophyta: green algae

-/-.- Chlorodendrales: green algae

-/-.- Prasinophyceae: green algae

-/-.- Mesostigma: green algae

-/-.- Charophyta (phylum): Charales and plants

-/-.-/- Streptophytina

-/-.-/-.- Charales (ordo): Armleuchteralgen

-/-.-/-.- Plantae (regnum): Plants proper - Pflanzen

Here the more traditional model, reduced to plants proper (Embryophyta):

- Embryophyta (regnum): Land plants - Landpflanzen (Archegoniatae, 'Cormobionta')

Tracheophyta based on Fischer & al., Exkursionsflora A-LIE-SüdT (2008 3rd) which itself, in principle, is based on Strasburger (German Wiki) [Taxonomy of flowering plants] but uses some categorisations of more traditional models (Wettstein, Engler etc.) to avoid taxa incertae sedis. Bryophyta is a polyphyletic group, see English Wiki.

-/- Bryophyta (supradivisio): Mosses - Moose: polyphyletic; they consider rather steps towards higher plants and thus cannot be considered a closely related monophyletic group

-/-.- Hepaticophytina [Hepaticae] (divisio): Lebermoose

-/-.-.- Bryopsida (divisio): Laubmoose

-/-.-.-.- Anthocerotophyta (divisio): Hornmoose ("sister group" to Tracheophyta)

-/- Tracheophyta (supradivisio): Vascular plants (higher plants) - Gefässpflanzen (Höhere Pflanzen) (Cormophyta, Siphonophyta); for a possible phylogenetic tree see Tracheophyta (phylogenetic tree)

-/-/- Pteridophyta (divisio): Ferns and fern allies - Gefässsporenpflanzen (Farnartige, Farnverwandte)

-/-/-.- Lycophytina (subdivisio): Clubmosses - Bärlapppflanzen

-/-/-.-/- Lycopsida (classis): Clubmosses - Bärlapppflanzen

-/-/-.- Sphenophytina (subdivisio): Horsetails - Schachtelhalmpflanzen

-/-/-.-/- Sphenopsida (classis): Horsetails - Schachtelhalmpflanzen

-/-/-.- Pteridophytina (subdivisio): Ferns - Farnpflanzen, Farne iwS (Polypodiophytina)

-/-/-.-/- Ophioglossopsida (classis): Adder's tongue plants - Natternzungenpflanzen

-/-/-.-/- Polypodiopsida (classis): Ferns proper - Eigentliche Farne (Farne ieS)

-/-/- Spermatophyta (divisio): Flowering plants - Samenpflanzen (Blütenpflanzen); see also Spermatophyta (phylogenetic tree)

-/-/-.- Coniferophytina (subdivisio): Conifers and conifer allies - Nadel-Nacktsamer (Gymnospermae p.p.)

-/-/-.- Cyadophyt(in)a + Gnetophyt(in)a (subdivisio): Cycads - Fieder-Nacktsamer (Gymnospermae p.p.)

-/-/-.- Angiospermophytina (subdivisio): Flowering plants - Bedecktsamer (Angiospermae)

-/-/-.-/- Magnoliopsida s. strictiss. (classis): Dicots with magnolia-like pollen - Einfurchenpollen-Zweikeimblättrige, (Urdikotylen) (Magnoliidae s. lat., Dicotyledoneae p. p. min.)

-/-/-.-/- Rosopsida (classis): Dicots with rose-like pollen - Dreifurchenpollen-Zweikeimblättrige, (Eudikotylen) (Dicotyledoneae p. p. max.)

-/-/-.-/- Liliopsida (classis): Monocots - Einkeimblättrige (Monocotyledoneae)

APG system of plant taxonomy from 1998 (revised to the APG III system in 2009), based on DNA sequencing and due to change further in the next years as more data become available (see English Wiki link):

x

arbor vitae [phylogen.]

>> CAPUT

Tree of Life according to Wikipedia based mainly on Adl & al. 2005: The New Higher Level Classification of Eukaryotes with Emphasis on the Taxonomy of Protists (phylogenetical model, cf. Wiki) as far as eukaryotes are concerned.

See also Phylogenetic Tree of Life (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) and Catalogue of Life

- Prokaryota: organisms without cell nucleus [regnum]

-/- Bacteria: x [regnum]

-/-.- Archaea: x [regnum]

-/-.- Eukaryota: organisms with cell nucleus [regnum]

-/-.-/- Bikonta: x

-/-.-/-.- Rhizaria: amoeboids and flagellates [regnum]

-/-.-/-.- Excavata: flagellates and amoeboids [regnum]

-/-.-/-.- Archaeplastida: red and green algae; plants [regnum]

-/-.-/-.- Chromalveolata: many but not all algae [regnum]

-/-.-/-.- Amoebozoa: amoeboids (major group); slime moulds [regnum]

-/-.-/-.- Opisthokonta: (higher) fungi; animals [regnum]

-/-.-/-.-? Taxa incertae sedis: Fornicata, Malawimonas, Parabasalia, Praexostyla, Jakobida, Heterolobosea, Euglenozoa

arbor vitae [classical]

>> CAPUT

Tree of Life according to Fischer & al. 2008, Exkursionsflora (3rd ed.) ('mixed' system of phylogenetic and traditional models to avoid families incertae sedis)

- Prokaryota (superregnum): organisms without cell nucleus

-/- Archaeonta (regnum): bacteria with cell walls that do not contain murein

-/- Bacterionta (regnum): bacteria with cell walls that do contain murein

-/-.- Eubacteria (subregnum): bacteria proper

-/-.- Cyanophyta (subregnum): blue-green bacteria/algae

- Eukaryota (superregnum): organisms with cell nucleus

-/- Protobionta (regnum): primitive plants and animals

-/-.- Protista (subregnum): many algae and some primitive fungi

-/-.- Eumycota = Fungi (subregnum): higher fungi

-/-.-Protozoa (subregnum): monocellular animals

-/- Embryophyta = Plantae (subregnum) (Archegoniatae, 'Cormobionta'); including some algae in phylogenetic models

-/-.- Bryophyta (supradivisio): mosses

-/-.- Tracheophyta (supradivisio): vascular plants (higher plants)

-/- Metazoa = Animalia (subregnum): higher animals